
Pembrolizumab Promising in Treating Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Against the backdrop of a case report, pembrolizumab was investigated as immunotherapy for undifferentiated pleomorphic soft tissue sarcoma.
Noting that immunotherapy for
He published his findings in
Case Report
The 57-year-old patient presented in 2016 with a right thigh mass and a medical history inclusive of Parkinson’s disease, hypothyroidism, and
Gemcitabine and docetaxel were initiated as second-line therapy in August 2017, “as often considered in this position for most soft tissue sarcomas including UPS,” the author wrote.
Restaging again showed disease progression, an additional right perihilar mass, and 2 enlarged lung metastases. Third-line therapy of 200-mg intravenous pembrolizumab was initiated in October 2017, based on data from
Grade 1 pruritis was an adverse effect (AE) of the immunotherapy, and treated with topical emollients. His hypothyroidism treatment, levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid; AbbVie), required occasional adjustment, but overall, the pembrolizumab greatly improved his quality of life. The immunotherapy continued throughout 2018 despite radiation to newly recurrent disease in the right thigh, while his lung nodules continued to shrink.
Treatment was overall tolerated well, and restaging and clinical exams demonstrated ongoing immunotherapy response.
However, by January 2022, a rereferral to radiation oncology showed that a small heft upper lobe pulmonary metastasis was getting larger; the nodule responded to external beam radiation therapy of 50 Gy in 5 fractions), which was administered without stopping immunotherapy. By February 2023, the metastasis had disappeared, and the patient’s other nodules showed ongoing response. With knowledge of pembrolizumab’s benefits and its AEs from long-term use, the patient has continued with immunotherapy for 109 cycles as of May 2024, noting his favorable quality of life compared with that seen with prolonged chemotherapy.
Moving Forward
The study author noted that in similar situations, guidance on prolonged immunotherapy is lacking, with principal questions focusing on if treatment holidays are sometimes necessary and whether long-term AEs outweigh pembrolizumab’s perceived safety and efficacy. Guidance on next steps for immunotherapy in UPS, he added, stems from its use in the melanoma space, for which the standard of care is a 2-year treatment course.4,5
Much more data are needed on total duration of immunotherapy, especially that which pertain to potential resistance from long-term use, chronic vs intermittent or metronomic approaches, and a patient-centered approach.2 Additional considerations should include the financial and clinical resources available.
“Hopefully further research will soon elaborate guidelines for total duration of immunotherapy for UPS patients,” the author concluded. “Until then an individualized treatment approach is necessary.”
References
1. Mayo Clinic staff. Soft tissue sarcoma. Mayo Clinic. April 27, 2023. Accessed July 16, 2024.
2. Reuben DY. Long duration pembrolizumab for metastatic undifferentiated pleomorphic soft tissue sarcoma with multimodality therapy. J Med Cases. 2024;15(7):136-142. doi:10.14740/jmc4237
3. SARC028: A phase ii study of the anti-PD1 antibody pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in patients with advanced sarcomas. ClinicalTrials.gov. Updated September 29, 2020. Accessed July 16, 2024.
4. Topalian SL, Sznol M, McDermott DF, et al. Survival, durable tumor remission, and long-term safety in patients with advanced melanoma receiving nivolumab. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(10):1020-1030. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.53.0105
5. Robert C, Schachter J, Long GV, et al. Pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(26):2521-2532. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1503093
Newsletter
Stay ahead of policy, cost, and value—subscribe to AJMC for expert insights at the intersection of clinical care and health economics.