What EGFR and KRAS G12C Results Tell Clinicians Beyond Treatment Selection

This opening segment of a Biomarker Insights program recorded at the 2026 World Conference on Lung Cancer (WCLC) introduces the 2 biomarkers at its center, EGFR and KRAS G12C, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The hosts outline a plan to take each marker in turn and then close on what testing and molecular reports need to look like in practice. The first question observes that EGFR and KRAS G12C results often sit a few lines apart on the same molecular report yet carry very different kinds of information, and asks what each result tells a treating oncologist beyond which treatment to choose. Discussion then turns to how the use of each biomarker has changed. The faculty describe a shift from asking which drug a mutation unlocks to asking what the mutation reveals about the trajectory of a patient’s treatment over time. For EGFR, the faculty note that the biomarker now guides treatment decisions across early-stage, locally advanced, and advanced disease, including how clinicians think about central nervous system (CNS) disease, first-line intensification, and management at progression, which has made care for patients with EGFR-mutated disease complex very quickly. KRAS G12C is framed as a few years behind but following a very similar trajectory, from targeted therapies in previously treated metastatic disease toward the neoadjuvant setting, with data at WCLC adding to what is known about patterns of resistance and how to sequence. The faculty describe the field as evolving and express enthusiasm about what these advances can offer patients.