Anna Kaltenboeck, MA, MBA

Federal pharmacy benefit manager transparency reforms must contend with concentrated pharmaceutical markets that lack competitive conditions. Learnings from transparency will shape future drug pricing reforms.

Policy makers and health plans seek value-based management of specialty drugs. This study examines real-world factors that favor some approaches over others and their potential impact.

Care pathways influence quality of care and outcomes. Despite positive trends in development and implementation, further efforts in process transparency and evaluation are required.