Kao-Ping Chua, MD, PhD

A substantial proportion of families of privately insured children with sickle cell anemia pay more than $100 for essential stroke screenings, a high-value service.

For most patients who survive COVID-19 hospitalization, out-of-pocket spending within 180 days of discharge is modest. However, 1 in 10 have out-of-pocket spending exceeding $2000.