Respiratory

Pollutant particles with a smaller diameter, density, and flow rate can enter the deep lung, but large particles with a low density may also enter the deep airways, according to a study.

William Schaffner, MD, medical director at the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID), and Patsy Stinchfield, RN, MS, CPNP, president-elect of NFID, discuss health care disparities related to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), as well as solutions to close these gaps.

Urge-to-cough and cough symptoms were the 2 main domains of a 51-item framework to measure cough severity.

Monthly parainfluenza virus incidence rates were nearly 6 times higher in September 2021 vs the second highest reported monthly incidence rates among children 4 years and younger in Finland in the last decade, following lifting of COVID-19–related restrictions.

Roxana Siles, MD, FAAAAI, codirector of the Asthma Center at Cleveland Clinic, discusses the challenges of managing patients with chronic cough.

William Schaffner, MD, medical director at the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID), and Patsy Stinchfield, RN, MS, CPNP, president-elect of NFID, explain how COVID-19 testing developments have opened doors for developments in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) testing.

A recent study found that an electronic tool that guides diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality and improve processes of care.

A retrospective, quasi-experimental study found that patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) saw better outcomes when an inter-ICU transfer came within the first 2 days of admittance.

A phase 3 trial showed that nirsevimab was effective in preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract infection in healthy late-preterm and term infants.

New CDC guidance says that Americans who live in areas with low to medium COVID-19 transmission can stop wearing masks indoors; GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) halts 3 vaccine clinical trials for the respiratory syncytial virus in pregnant women; a scientific advisory panel recommends a major overhaul of the US transplant system.

William Schaffner, MD, medical director at the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID), and Patsy Stinchfield, RN, MS, CPNP, president-elect of NFID, discuss how respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) affects different age groups.

In this National Press Club address, American Medical Association President Gerald E Harmon, MD, outlines what steps need to be taken to better prepare the nation for the next pandemic.

The 28-day cumulative risk of respiratory failure after transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was similar to the risk measured in those go did not undergo TEE, a procedure performed after a transient ischemic attack or stroke.

Survival was 100% among patients who had COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and 83% for those without COVID-19 infection.

William Schaffner, MD, medical director at the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID), and Patsy Stinchfield, RN, MS, CPNP, president-elect of NFID, explain how the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Research suggests a shorter 5-day antibiotic regimen for childhood community-acquired pneumonia, instead of 10 days, can optimize treatment efficacy while reducing unnecessary antibiotic use.

Research showed that younger and nonfrail patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be put on a ventilator, while patients with frailty and older age had a higher risk of in-hospital and in-ICU mortality.

A meta-analysis from 3 economists concluded that nonpharmaceutical interventions in response to COVID-19 failed to have a large, significant effect on mortality rates.

Although clinical trials have demonstrated the utility of procalcitonin (PCT) testing and potential benefit on antibiotic stewardship, findings suggest that clinicians do not order PCT testing with regularity and also prioritize clinical judgment over PCT results.

President Biden announced he would bring back the Cancer Moonshot initiative that launched in the Obama administration; the World Health Organization said the Omicron subvariant, BA.2, appears to have the same severity as the original Omicron variant; cases of suicide by drug overdose increased in young people, older adults, and non-Hispanic Black women.

The review discussed the roles of sex, ancestry, senescence, and aging in the development of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease.

A study found 4 factors may correlate with increased risk of long-term COVID-19; Rhode Island joins opioid settlement against McKesson, AmerisourceBergen, and Cardinal Health; the Environmental Protection Agency announced it will station mobile equipment in Louisiana to measure air pollution.

FDA significantly restricts the use of 2 COVID-19 monoclonal antibody treatments ineffective against the Omicron variant; an expert panel advises the Israeli government to offer a fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose to adults; there was a substantial increase in visits for mental health and substance abuse among physicians with no prior history during the pandemic.

With no existing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine yet, researchers found that a vaccine comparable with the influenza vaccine could prevent tens of thousands of hospitalizations and deaths per year.

Chronic cough can have a significant impact on patient quality of life, and recognizing it as an individual condition may help optimize its treatment.