HIV

A small study found that 2 broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies could help achieve long-term virological suppression in patients with HIV who were taken off antiretroviral therapy.

Will Nutland, DrPH, is cofounder of PrEPster, honorary assistant professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and an activist.

Using a 6-month lagged CD4/CD8 ratio, researchers found a ratio of 0.30 was associated with a 24% increased risk of any incident cancer among people living with HIV, compared with a ratio of 0.80.

Adolescent girls and young women in South Africa were more likely to practice favorable sexual behaviors if they accessed DREAMS (Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored, and Safe)–like interventions such as school-based HIV prevention and HIV testing.

Anna Brewster, services and volunteer manager at The Food Chain, a London-based charity that provides short-term assistance to persons living with HIV (PLWH), discusses how education provided through the Eating Positively program connects the importance of food and proper nutrition to health outcomes.

Research shows that long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve the overall health and survival of mothers living with HIV and their children who have been exposed to HIV.

Anna Marzec-Bogusławska, MD, MPH, managing director, National AIDS Center, Warsaw, Poland, discusses how stigma and discrimination permeated the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic the country in the early 1980s and ways that advocates stepped up to overcome peoples’ fears.

New research shows that cortisol and cortisone levels in the hair of people living with HIV were negatively associated with CD4 count, but not with HIV viral load.

Nicoleta Dascalu, founding member and advocacy manager of Asociaţia Română Anti-SIDA (ARAS; Romanian Association Against AIDS), discusses the status of care for persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Romania, including health care coverage and lack of adequate medication access.

Jason Myers, PhD, CEO of the New Zealand AIDS Foundation, addresses how New Zealand promptly adjusted its delivery of services for people living with HIV and AIDS in New Zealand, with examples including HIV self-test kits, online counseling, and provision of mental health care assistance.

According to a review, few individuals initiating tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)–based HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) experienced clinically significant kidney impairment, although the risk was increased.

Researchers found point-of-care viral load (POC VL) tests have high sensitivity and specificity for detection of viral loads of at least 1000 copies/mL.

Research shows that only 1.05% of US emergency department (ED) visits included HIV testing in 2018 and that HIV testing rates varied by race, age group, and region.

Editor’s Note: After this issue of Evidence-Based Oncology™ went to press, Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation announced the $100 million, 5-year initiative will now be called the Robert A. Winn Diversity in Clinical Trials Award Program. The program will also receive a $14 million donation from Gilead Sciences, Inc., over the next 4 years.

Using data from the National HIV Surveillance System, the National Center for Health Statistics, and the US Census, a team from the CDC investigated lifetime HIV risk in the United States.

A large systematic review on pregnant women living with HIV found that protease inhibitor–based antiretroviral therapy (ART) use was associated with increased risk of babies being born small or very small for their gestational age, but not with other adverse pregnancy outcomes.

With more people living with HIV now reaching advanced ages and qualifying for Medicare coverage, this new study investigated HIV-related influences on their health care spending, particularly antiretroviral therapy (ART), compared with a population who does not have HIV.

Attending comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) was associated with increased access to HIV testing among adolescent girls, regardless of whether they were actively in school.

Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk prediction models may not apply accurately to patients with HIV who may develop the cardiovascular disease younger than usual, said Jorge Plutzky, MD, director of the Vascular Disease Prevention Program and director of Preventive Cardiology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Adults living with HIV receiving integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)–based antiretroviral therapy (ART) had a 76% higher incidence of hypertension compared with adults receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).

There is evidence that people with HIV may have increased risk of cardiovascular disease and researchers are still trying to understand why, said Jorge Plutzky, MD, director of the Vascular Disease Prevention Program and director of Preventive Cardiology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Low functional status based on Duke Activity Status Instrument score was associated with higher cardiometabolic risk among individuals 45 years and older living with HIV, this new multinational cohort study found.

This new meta-analysis from World Health Organization and University of Cape Town investigators analyzed adverse posthospitalization discharge outcomes and related risk factors among persons living with HIV.

This new study evaluated the influence of transmission bottlenecks on HIV-1 infection virulence by comparing outcomes between penile-vaginal intercourse and anal intercourse, and found more severe disease among heterosexual individuals compared with men who have sex with men.

An analysis of 2019 claims data for California Medicaid enrollees shows large disparities in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake, especially among Black individuals.