Clinical

The European Respiratory Society International Congress 2021 will feature a wide array of topics, such as gender and respiratory health, the impact of climate change, and management and treatment of chronic cough, but there remains a strong focus on the COVID-19 pandemic, its intersection with respiratory care and treatment of infection.

Results of a multicenter study showed 43% of patients with advanced melanoma treated with anti–programmed cell death 1 therapy experienced chronic complications.

A review of treatment options in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) addresses common subtypes and patient response to standard of care.

Research shows higher levels of interleukin 6 in patients with chronic coronary syndrome were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease.

The 5-year update could help solidify the role of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in treating heart failure, years after the first evidence of their effectiveness emerged.

Researchers said the blood test offers an earlier warning of hepatocellular carcinoma than current methods.

Foundation Medicine and Epic struck a deal to integrate comprehensive genomic profiling within Epic's electronic health records (EHRs), allowing for providers to order and review genomic profiling tests, leading to more streamlined clinical decision making.

The genomic alterations in prostate cancer were detected from tissue biopsies of primary tumors and metastatic sites as well as from liquid biopsies of circulating tumor DNA, the latter of which has emerged as an increasingly popular method for genomic analyses across various types of cancer.

Adding a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dominated switching to a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist over the lifetimes of patients with type 2 diabetes not at glycated hemoglobin A1c target after treatment with metformin plus a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor.

Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine has gained full approval from the FDA.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a noninvasive way to identify mutations that may impact treatment decisions, according to a study of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

The findings come from a pooled analysis of the ELIANA and ENSIGN trials, both of which led to the approval of tisagenlecleucel for these patients.

Over the course of treatment, patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may acquire new TP53 mutations, making ongoing monitoring for mutations crucial.

For pediatric patients with T-cell origin lymphoblastic leukemia (T-LBL) with disease progression following second-line treatment, investigators found that the JAK1/2 pathway may be a new actionable target through treatment with ruxolitinib.

Comorbid cardiac dysfunction and intrarenal venous congestion were shown in this new study to have a negative correlation with survival outcomes among individuals with all levels of heart failure.

A review of therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) found adequate net health benefit for new treatments. However, safety remains a concern for the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors.

A study suggests that for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the more components of metabolic syndrome present, the higher that patient’s risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Few cases have documented how myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as polycythemia vera, progress to pure erythroid leukemia, with just 5 such cases reported between 1952 and 1962.

A new report could eventually help investigators better understand which patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are most likely to respond to certain therapies.

A recent study found half of hospitalized children received a flu vaccination when their providers used a clinical decision support tool; however, that is still lower than the 63% national average for all children.

The breast cancer drug palbociclib may be able to treat myelofibrosis either alone or in combination with ruxolitinib.

Most patients said they had received instruction on how to use their inhalers from a pharmacist or physician, but only 21% said they had received instruction from both.

A meta-analysis showed adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy for the treatment of early-stage, HER2-positive breast cancer could cut deaths worldwide; a researcher discusses the promise of enfortumab vedotin for advanced urothelial cancers; more research is needed in rare genomic alterations in subsets of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Patients with chronic cough reported autonomic symptoms with substantially increased frequency and severity when compared with a healthy control population.

Risk of isolated central nervous system (CNS) involvement was found to be significantly lower in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who received high-dose methotrexate vs RCHOP chemotherapy, although risk of concomitant CNS-systemic relapse rates were similar between both groups.

Findings of a randomized controlled trial revealed no differences among HIV diagnosis rates between targeted screening practices when compared with nontargeted practices.

Mortality risk stratification can identify patients with COVID-19 who are at higher risk of mortality, discharge to skilled nursing facility, and readmission, and may benefit from focused intervention strategies.

Jazz Pharmaceuticals’ Xywav oral solution is the first treatment to be approved for adults with idiopathic hypersomnia.

Results of the phase 3 REST-ON study exhibited significant improvement in patients with narcolepsy treated with once-nightly sodium oxybate, FT218, versus placebo.

The single-leg heel test was able to differentiate between weaker and stronger limbs in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in healthy controls, suggesting that the test could prove useful for identifying impaired muscle performance.