Sleep

In findings from a novel global atlas study published today, 19 risk factors were identified to increase risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with insomnia identified as a risk factor for the first time.

For patients with insomnia amid the COVID-19 pandemic, certain nightly habits can promote sleep hygiene; in addition, lemborexant has emerged as a novel indication if drug intervention is needed.

Narcolepsy, along with several other conditions are examined as potential risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 susceptibility and adverse outcomes.

Data to be presented at SLEEP 2020 showed Eisai Inc's lemborexant (DAYVIGO) had statistically significant long-term efficacy and safety compared with placebo on sleep maintenance and onset in patients with insomnia disorder, said Margaret Moline, PhD.

Increased sleep need, poor sleep quality, and fatigue were found to occur more frequently and longer among patients with concussions, according to study findings.

The prevalence of such sleep disorders as narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea increased appreciably from 2013 to 2016. It is unknown whether this is due to increased awareness or increased incidence.

Short-term use of acetazolamide was shown to improve both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea (CSA), with significantly greater reductions in the apnea-hypopnea index observed with higher doses.

Researchers discuss current and prospective pharmacological therapies for treating both excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy, as well as efforts to address narcolepsy stigma.

The impact of impaired sleep, which is more frequent among adolescents, was associated with a greater risk of asthma and allergies among this age group, but association does not equal causation. As a result, these associations warrant greater investigation, as well as the potential effects of social determinants of health such as race and socioeconomic status, said Lakiea Wright, MD, practicing physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and the medical director at Thermo Fisher Scientific.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia delivered via telemedicine was found to be noninferior to in-person delivery in managing severity, with similar improvements in daytime functioning exhibited between the 2 methods, according to study findings.

Amid the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Italy, a significant number of patients with epilepsy reported difficulties managing their condition, especially those who reported greater use of antiseizure medications for chronic therapy and poor sleep quality, according to study findings.

This week, the FDA approved Jazz Pharmaceuticals’ XywavTM (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates), an oral solution for the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness in patients 7 years and older with narcolepsy.

Increases in different aspects of snoring, such as frequency and loudness, among patients with obstructive sleep apnea and established cardiovascular disease were associated with greater risks of cerebral but not cardiac events, according to study findings.

Automatic positive airway pressure was found to significantly improve peak oxygen uptake, left ventricular function, and quality of life in patients with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, according to study findings.

Patients with type 2 diabetes who sleep too much (≥ 10 hours) or too little (≤ 5 hours) were found to exhibit a higher mortality rate. Those at a younger age of diabetes onset who reported longer sleep duration were also associated with greater risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, according to study findings published today.

In medical and nursing staff experiencing insomnia while working in Wuhan, China, during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, stress was a notable predictor in those with comorbid sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome, according to study findings.

Hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were shown to be at greater risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insomnia than those without COPD, with worse outcomes for in-hospital sleep quality and quantity also observed, according to study findings.

Behavioral sleep problems in childhood, such as impaired sleep duration and irregular routines, were associated with the onset of either psychosis or borderline personality disorder later in adolescence, signaling potentially different pathways based on personalized sleep issues.

Both frontline and nonfrontline health care workers were found to experience stark levels of stress and poor sleep quality amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with being female and having a professional background indicated as predictors of these effects, according to study findings.

Couples sleeping together, as opposed to separately, was associated with increased rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and greater sleep synchronization, potentially caused by a positive feedback loop, according to study findings published today.

An online program designed specifically for adolescents and young adults who survived cancer was shown to significantly alleviate insomnia and improve overall quality of life, according to study findings published today.

Circadian disruptions were associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in older men, potentially signifying PD’s impact on the internal clock before diagnosis.

Researchers uncovered that an ambulatory home sleep study device may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, according to the study findings.

Alcohol consumption was found to contribute to the lowest oxygen saturation observed among patients at risk of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, with additional associations linked to worsening severity of snoring and impaired sleep architecture in select groups, according to study findings.

Low levels of sleep disturbance were associated with reduced likelihood of later pain after physical activity in a US population cohort aged 50 and older, according to study findings.